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If you've watched enough '50s sci-fi films you know what this is.  The Theremin was the quintessential musical instrument of Future Past.  It was the perfect hi-tech music box devoid of bells, pipes, reeds, or strings and its eerie, warbling tones were enough to warn us that we were either in the presence of the Other Worldly or that Ray Milland was on another bender. 

By astonishing coincidence, the Theremin (AKA the Thereminvox or Ætherophone) was invented in 1919 by Leon Theremin (1896-1993) (AKA  Lev Sergeyevich Termen).   He was originally going to call it the "Leon," but that never caught on.

The Theremin works on the principle of heterodyning oscillators that combines two very high frequency radio signals by using the capacitance of the human body to produce a third signal that is then converted into audio.  And if you could follow any of that, then you're a better man than I am, Gunga Din.  In English that means that the Theremin creates an electrical field around itself and when you place your hand near one of the antennae your body alters the field and that produces the tones.  It's a bit like adjusting the rabbit ears on a broadcast television set and then discovering that reception goes kerfooey (a technical term) when you sit down.  You get up again and the picture is fine, you sit down and it goes fuzzy, and in the end you're trying to psych out a piece of electronics.

In the case of the Theremin this means that it is one of the few musical instruments that you play without actually touching it, which is a boon to musicians with hygiene issues.  Instead of thumping, plucking, or blowing into it, the Theremin is played by moving one hand in the vicinity of the round antenna that controls volume and the other near the straight one that controls pitch.  Back in 1927, articles hailed how easy it was to get the Thermin to make sounds as opposed to, say, the violin where the first few tries make the neighbours think that a cat is being sexually abused.   What they didn't tell you is that though it's easy to get a Theremin to make sounds it takes years of dedicated practice to get it to make anything like music.  In fact, to this day there are only a tiny handful of accomplished Therminists in the world. 

This may be one of the reasons why Thereminists are so touchy.  Although the Theremin is associated with '50s sci-fi movies, the great Thereminists prefer to work exclusively in classical circles.  This may be because it is already hard enough to keep one's self-esteem while waving one's hands about in the air and evening dress helps to salvage some shreds of dignity.

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